A car needs to be well balanced to perform properly on a track. Spoilers were introduced to provide downforce in a car to improve their handling and to avoid them from taking off at very high speeds.
So to decide whether you will be needing a spoiler, depends mainly on your use case and your cars limits.
Generally spoilers are also added onto exotic sedans just to add up to the looks of it. It doesn’t do any good in managing the aerodynamics of the car or for providing any downforce. Adding a beefier spoiler to your family sedan can just result in increased drag that can result in even worse fuel economy. But manufacturers also consider adding them in some of their sedans at sports trim, just to make it look racing oriented, and to improve the aesthetics.
A Spoilers role comes into play at high speeds at about 150 to 300+ kmph. A car generates an amount of lift too at high speed, so to restrain it from taking off at high speed, Spoilers provide sufficient downforce to keep the car pushed on to the road. Spoilers are deployed to provide the car, an added normal force, which increases the frictional force between all for tires, that can help it steer into sharp corners at even higher speeds.
Spoilers are considered unnecessary in front wheel drive vehicles, but it also plays a major role in them. A car without any spoilers, generates greater downforce at the front end, just due to the geometry of bonnet, fenders and windscreen. It helps bring the car’s Centre of Pressure i.e. the effective point of action of downforce, to the middle of the car’s body. This prevents car from oversteering in corners at high speeds.
Spoilers also help in providing improved braking at high speeds just due to the additional downforce at the rear end. Generally when brakes are applied, a cars momentum is shifted towards the front end, but a spoiler can allow increased braking at the rear end, to ensure stability and shorter breaking distances.
If your project car has the potential to reach high speeds such as around 250kmph and other components such as its suspension, braking and tires can keep up with the car at such high speeds. You can add a well-engineered spoiler to it, to get extra stability at higher speeds specially on tracks.
But if your car’s components aren’t meant to withstand highspeed maneuvering then it will be needing a lot of other upgrades before thinking of attaching a working spoiler at it. Also you can add a considerable spoiler that matches your sedans look just to give it a sporty look if you’re into that kind of thing.
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